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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

国家文创实验区“云园区”建设正式启动******

　　本报讯（记者李琤）1月9日，国家文化产业创新实验区发展论坛在京举办。本次活动以“科技赋能文化创新 文化赋能城市发展”为主题，围绕数字文化产业发展主题，聚焦国家文化产业创新实验区规划建设，探讨数字文化产业的创新发展与实践探索，深入推进文化产业领域供给侧结构性改革，实现高质量发展。

　　论坛上，国家文创实验区“云园区”（以下简称“云园区”）建设正式启动。“这是文创实验区在文化产业数字化及文化产业服务数字化创新方面迈出的重要一步，我们希望建设一个文化产业要素聚集、服务链条路径创新、全流程数字化管理的‘云园区’，构建全方位数字服务体系，将其打造成国家文化大数据体系建设中文化产业数据管理服务体系的‘样板工程’。”国家文创实验区相关负责人表示。

　　据了解，“云园区”蓝图将打造“一个云服务中心+N个数字服务模块”数字化治理模式，其中“一个云服务中心”即以实验区“云园区”平台为统一官方入口，搭建一站式服务门户；“N个数字服务模块”包括文化政策服务、文化金融服务、文化版权服务、数字园区推介、创新创业支持、文化人才交流、产业协同发展、文化大数据应用、云网资源及企业权益等模块。“云园区”由国家文创实验区牵头谋划，以“聚集文化产业发展要素、打通多元服务链路、全服务场景数字化应用”为建设根本，以“精准匹配文化产业供需资源、高效提升文化产业数字服务生态价值、建立真实可信的文化产业数据流通环境”为核心，依托基于“连接+算力+能力”的新型信息服务体系下的高速网络、智能云与边缘计算模式，通过大数据、物联网、VR/AR等技术以及元宇宙等展现方式，推动“云园区”与实体园区及各类文化场景、服务场景的深度融合。同时通过高速率的网络资源、高可靠的云服务资源、融合多样的园区应用，助力文创企业数智化转型，加速推进数字服务与线下服务的协同发展。“云园区”主要服务政府、园区、企业和白领四类群体端口，其中重点聚焦对国家文创实验区内文化企业的服务。

　　未来，“云园区”将引导百家文化专业服务机构、千个线下文化公共空间、万家驻区文化企业在“云端”集聚，推动文化企业要素“云端”汇集、公共政策服务触手可得、线下文化空间一键预约、文化企业协同智能精准、数字文化发展提质增效，探索智慧文创园区建设的新模式、产业集群效应拓展延伸的新方式、公共管理服务的新范式。

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）